舉世矚目的職業(yè)健康安全（OH&S）國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)剛剛發(fā)布，這必將引起全球工作場(chǎng)所的改變。
ISO 45001:2018, 職業(yè)健康安全管理體系——要求及使用指南，為全球供應(yīng)鏈提供了改進(jìn)工作安全的穩(wěn)健而有效的一套程序。旨在幫助各種規(guī)模的組織和工業(yè)，新的國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)期在世界范圍內(nèi)減少作業(yè)場(chǎng)所傷亡和疾病。
根據(jù)2017年國(guó)際勞工組織（ILO）統(tǒng)計(jì)，每年發(fā)生在工作中的死亡事故有278萬(wàn)起。這意味著，每天幾乎有7700人因與工作有關(guān)的疾病和傷害而死亡。 另外，每年有大約374億非致命的與工作有關(guān)的傷害和疾病，其中多數(shù)導(dǎo)致大量的缺勤。這描繪了一幅清晰的現(xiàn)代作業(yè)場(chǎng)所的畫面——工人可能遭受嚴(yán)重的后果，而原因僅僅是由于“他們?cè)谶M(jìn)行作業(yè)”。
希望ISO45001能改變這種現(xiàn)狀。它將為世界各國(guó)政府機(jī)關(guān)、工業(yè)和其他深受其害的利益相關(guān)方提供提高工人安全的有效而實(shí)用的指南。通過簡(jiǎn)單易行的體系，它能應(yīng)用到工廠和生產(chǎn)設(shè)施中，無論何地。
開發(fā)ISO 45001的ISO/PC項(xiàng)目委員會(huì)主席斯密斯大衛(wèi)相信新的國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將成為一個(gè)改變成百上萬(wàn)工人的游戲轉(zhuǎn)換器。“希望ISO45001將引起工作場(chǎng)所實(shí)踐的較大轉(zhuǎn)變，在世界上減少工作場(chǎng)所事故和疾病引起的悲慘傷亡人數(shù)。”新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將會(huì)幫助組織通過不斷提供他們的職業(yè)健康和安全業(yè)績(jī)，從而為工人和訪問者提供安全而健康的工作環(huán)境。
斯密斯還說：“世界標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的起草者共同努力為所有人， 無論你在哪個(gè)行業(yè)， 無論你在世界的何處，提供了一個(gè)更加安全作業(yè)場(chǎng)所的框架。”70多個(gè)國(guó)家直接參與了職業(yè)健康和安全管理體系這個(gè)重要文件的創(chuàng)作。英國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)會(huì)（BSI）作為ISO/PC283委員會(huì)秘書處。
由于ISO45001旨在和其他ISO管理體系標(biāo)準(zhǔn)整合，確保跟ISO9001（質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）和ISO 14001 （環(huán)境管理）高度兼容， 所以已經(jīng)執(zhí)行了ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的組織如果決定轉(zhuǎn)移至ISO45001，將會(huì)占有優(yōu)勢(shì)。
新的職業(yè)健康安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是以所有ISO管理體系標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的共同要素為基礎(chǔ)，并且使用了簡(jiǎn)單的“計(jì)劃-實(shí)施-檢查-改進(jìn)（PDCA）模型。這為組織降低傷害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，計(jì)劃必要的措施，提供了一個(gè)框架。
ISO45001 將會(huì)替代原來的作業(yè)場(chǎng)所健康和安全國(guó)際參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)OHSAS 18001。 已經(jīng)通過了OHSAS18001認(rèn)證的組織將會(huì)有三年時(shí)間來轉(zhuǎn)移至ISO45001標(biāo)準(zhǔn)， 盡管符合ISO45001 的證書不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。
國(guó)際認(rèn)證論壇已經(jīng)出臺(tái)了過渡要求，幫助已經(jīng)通過認(rèn)證的組織，認(rèn)證和頒證機(jī)構(gòu)以及其他利益相關(guān)方進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備。更多信息，請(qǐng)參考IAF網(wǎng)站。
ISO45001：2018 可以從各國(guó)ISO成員或ISO書店購(gòu)買。
The world’s much anticipated International Standard for occupational health and safety (OH&S) has just been published, and is set to transform workplace practices globally.
ISO 45001:2018, Occupational health and safety management systems – Requirements with guidance for use, provides a robust and effective set of processes for improving work safety in global supply chains. Designed to help organizations of all sizes and industries, the new International Standard is expected to reduce workplace injuries and illnesses around the world.
According to 2017 calculations by the International Labour Organization (ILO), 2.78 million fatal accidents occur at work yearly. This means that, every day, almost 7 700 persons die of work-related diseases or injuries. Additionally, there are some 374 million non-fatal work-related injuries and illnesses each year, many of these resulting in extended absences from work. This paints a sober picture of the modern workplace – one where workers can suffer serious consequences as a result of simply “doing their job”.
ISO 45001 hopes to change that. It provides governmental agencies, industry and other affected stakeholders with effective, usable guidance for improving worker safety in countries around the world. By means of an easy-to-use framework, it can be applied to both captive and partner factories and production facilities, regardless of their location.
David Smith, Chair of project committee ISO/PC 283 that developed ISO 45001, believes the new International Standard will be a real game changer for millions of workers: “It is hoped that ISO 45001 will lead to a major transformation in workplace practices and reduce the tragic toll of work-related accidents and illnesses across the globe.” The new standard will help organizations provide a safe and healthy work environment for workers and visitors by continually improving their OH&S performance.
Smith adds: “World standards writers have come together to provide a framework for a safer workplace for all, whatever sector you work in and wherever you work in the world.” More than 70 countries were directly involved in the creation of this important document, developed by ISO/PC 283, Occupational health and safety management systems, with the British Standards Institution (BSI) serving as the committee secretariat.
Because ISO 45001 is designed to integrate with other ISO management systems standards, ensuring a high level of compatibility with the new versions of ISO 9001 (quality management) and ISO 14001 (environmental management), businesses that already implement an ISO standard will have a leg up if they decide to work toward ISO 45001.
The new OH&S standard is based on the common elements found in all of ISO’s management systems standards and uses a simple Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) model, which provides a framework for organizations to plan what they need to put in place in order to minimize the risk of harm. The measures should address concerns that can lead to long-term health issues and absence from work, as well as those that give rise to accidents.
ISO 45001 will replace OHSAS 18001, the world’s former reference for workplace health and safety. Organizations already certified to OHSAS 18001 will have three years to comply with the new ISO 45001 standard, although certification of conformity to ISO 45001 is not a requirement of the standard.
The International Accreditation Forum (IAF) has developed the migration requirements to help certified organizations, certification bodies, accreditation bodies and other interested parties prepare. For more information, see the IAF Website.
ISO 45001:2018 can be purchased from your national ISO member or through the ISO Store.
